In this Issue: Thank you for taking the time to stay up-to-date on what's going on in the Gleeble Community. This month's newsletter features the following updates:
You’re Invited:North American Gleeble Users Meeting
June 28-29, 2017(Wed-Thurs)
Please join us at the first-ever North American Gleeble Users Meeting, hosted by our friends at Colorado School of Mines (CSM) in Golden, Colorado.
User Meetings are open to anyone that currently operates a Gleeble system, uses Gleeble data in their research or is considering adding a Gleeble to their research program. User meetings are an excellent opportunity for networking and learning from peers. This informal event allows for sharing of information, best practices and an opportunity to present research to the Gleeble Community.
Located in beautiful Golden, Colorado, the 2-day event will include keynote presentations, application presentations, Gleeble training, a networking event and demonstrations using the Gleeble at CSM.
Training: Time will be dedicated to practical training and an interactive discussion of best practices. Training topics will be determined as individuals indicate their experience level, training preferences and application focus.
Who Should Attend:
New Gleeble Users
Gleeble Veterans
Students / Professors
Industrial Partners
Future Gleeble Users
Call for Presentations: Often, the most valuable component of user meetings is learning how others are using their Gleeble, including new applications, successes, challenges and plans for the future. Please volunteer to present some of your team’s work to the group. Full papers are not required and will not be published. Presentations will be informal and can range from 20-30 minutes followed by a brief Q/A. Please have abstracts or a title/subject of your presentation to us by June 1st.
Registration: Registration is free, however space is limited so please register early to secure your space. For more information, including a preliminary agenda, lodging options and registration information, please visit: http://dsi.gleeble.com/Mines
Gleeble GTC: The Next Generation of Gleeble System Control
The Gleeble Touch Control (GTC) console is a significant system upgrade to the Gleeble 3000 Series. The new GTC console now ships with all new Gleeble 3000 systems and is also available as an upgrade to most existing Gleeble 3180, 3500 and 3800 systems.
With its newly designed user interface and updated software/hardware, the GTC includes a range of enhancements, including improved usability and performance. Click here to download a PDF with more information.
Improved Usability
Designed with ease-of-use in mind. The design team listened to user feedback to develop an intuitive user interface
Configurable touch screen display
Faster user training - Both current and new Gleeble users will quickly and easily learn how to use the system
Large screen and clear icons improve usability for Gleeble operators
Two display modes: Configuration Mode and Run Mode simplify usability and provide the right data and controls at the right time
Redesigned Virtual Panel Meters (VPMs) provide clear and organized information at a glance
During testing, users are presented with real-time data as well as operating ranges
Transducer status and values are clearly displayed (both relative and acquired values)
Improved Performance
New Instrument Control Module (ICM) results in improved control & data acquisition
Easier PID Tuning
Expandable system – the modular control system can be expanded in the future
Reduced User Error – Improved data presentation via new VPMs allows for a more intuitive display of information allowing the user to review performance data at a glance
Improved user experience and accelerated workflow results in increased productivity and throughput
Improved logging process enables enhanced service and diagnostics
Better access to data files – Data files are stored in standard Windows® folders for more convenient access and backup
User Profile:Technische Universität Chemnitz
In 2015, the Welding Engineering program within The Institute of Joining and Assembly (IFMT) at Technische Universität Chemnitz(TUC) installed a well-equipped Gleeble 3800 system to support their research efforts. TUC is one of the most research-focused universities in Germany with faculty consistently bringing new research projects to the university. Prof. Dr. Mayr, the Chair of Welding Engineering at TUC, is globally recognized as an expert in creep, heat resistant materials and welding.
Pictured: Professor Dr. Peter Mayr (center) with team members from IFMT
The group (pictured above with the Gleeble) is interested in many areas of research including materials-process-property relationships, welding process development, diffusion bonding, heat treatment of metals, thermo-mechanical testing of joints, and mechanical and microstructural characterization.
Kevin Abstoß, pictured to the right working in the chamber of the Gleeble 3800, says that the Gleeble “is a fundamental research tool in current projects and valuable for the application for future research projects.” The Gleeble recently helped the team in the development of a homogenization treatment to resolve complex segregations and guarantee a homogenous microstructure for a future power plant steel. The Gleeble at TUC is quite busy and is frequently used for dilatometry CCT and welding CCT diagrams, melting and solidification tests, heat treatment simulations, welding simulations, mechanical testing, crack susceptibility tests, and deformation tests.
An important teaching tool: TUC enjoys the wide range of capabilities offered by the Gleeble, allowing them to expand their research possibilities, however they also utilize the Gleeble as a teaching tool.
Pictured to the left is Hayder Al-Mashhadani explaining the dynamic capabilities of the Gleeble to Judith Schenk, a student at TUC. This hands-on approach to learning and access to the world’s best physical simulation equipment helps TUC to develop future leaders in the research community.
The versatility of the Gleeble enables the welding team at TUC to simulate anything from laser welding to diffusion heat treatment, and gives them the ability to perform a multitude of mechanical tests, all in support of industrial research partners and the educational development of its students.
More information on research at TU Chemnitz can be found at https://www.tu-chemnitz.de/mb/SchweiTech/.
Special thanks to Mr. Tino Bochman for providing photographs.
Does your organization have a similar story of productivity or success? If so, let us know. We would love to share your results with the community. Call or e-mail our team at:news@gleeble.com.
Recent Gleeble Purchases
Laboratory of Processes and Materials Sciences (LSPM) – LSPM is a French CNRS research unit connected to the University of Paris 13 which is focused on developing both theoretical and applied research in the fields of Material Science and Process Engineering. The activities are organized around 3 research axis: the development of materials fabrication and transformation processes, the study of their structural characteristics and properties, and their integration into systems and devices.
The Gleeble 3500 purchased recently by the laboratory will be utilized to further develop and process materials by thermomechanical treatments as well as to explore research interests in plasticity and recrystallization of crystalline metallic materials under complex thermomechanical stresses. Additionally, Professor Dr. Guy Dirras and Professor Dr. Brigitte Barcroix will be utilizing the Gleeble for their research interests in powder processing and sintering.
Xi’an Jiaotong University – The prestigious Xi’an Jiaotong University is one of the “Ivy League” schools in China. The school was founded by the China central government to educate engineers and scientists and has become a national center of excellence in science and technology, and provides a hub for the interaction between the scientific community and industry. Xi’an Jiaotong recently purchased a Gleeble 3800. This system enables Xi’an Jiaotong to conduct a wide range of research and a variety of metallurgical simulations to support various new materials development and component fabrications.
University of Luleå (Sweden) - The University of Luleå is a technological university located in Sweden with a highly renowned Engineering Materials program. Associate Professor Dr. Farid Akhtar received funding from the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF) to build a research program for thermo-mechanics and tribology with a goal to further strengthen materials research in Sweden. The Gleeble 3800 will enable Luleå to study properties of materials in extreme and rigorous environments as well as components for the automotive industry. It will provide unique capabilities to thermally and mechanically simulate a component’s life cycle during complex loading stages and will attract new project collaboration with global partners.
Thousands of papers have been published over the years that reference data collected using Gleeble simulation equipment. The following are a few abstracts from these papers. Due to copyright regulations, we may not be able to share the full paper with our readers. However, these papers are typically available via website databases such as www.sciencedirect.com or www.scientific.net (fees may apply). Additional abstracts and papers can be found using common search tools such as www.scholar.google.com.
Perceptive comparison of mean and full field dynamic recrystallization
Lukasz Madej, Mateusz Sitko, Maciej Pietrzyk. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Volume 16, Issue 4, Sept. 2016, pages 569-589.
ABSTRACT: Review of dynamic recrystallization models is the subject of the present work. Development of both mean field and full field approaches during last three decades is presented and discussed. Conventional mean field models based on closed form equations as well as differential equations are presented first. Then full field models are elaborated focusing on the cellular automata approach as an example. Capabilities as well as limitations and drawbacks of these approaches are highlighted based on the set of case studies. Experimental data for validation of models were obtained from uniaxial compression tests at Gleeble 3800 thermo-mechanical simulator.
Numerical modeling and experimental identification of residual stresses in hot-rolled strips
A. Milenin, R. Kuziak, M. Lech-Grega, A. Chochorowski, S. Witek, M. Pietrzyk. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Volume 16, Issue 1, Jan. 2016, pages 125-134.
ABSTRACT: The problem of calculations and experimental validation of residual stresses in hot-rolled strips is considered in the paper. Residual stresses become of practical importance when the laser cutting of strips is applied. The goal of this paper is development and experimental validation of a model of residual stresses in hot-rolled strips based on the elastic–plastic material model. The models of elastic–plastic deformation during cooling of hot rolled strips during laminar cooling and in the coil were developed. Elastic–plastic properties of the material were determined experimentally using tests on GLEEBLE 3800. Industrial testing of residual stress in strips after cooling in coil was performed. For measurement of residual stress in strips the X-ray diffraction method was used.
Deformation induced austenite formation in as-cast 2101 duplex stainless steel and its effect on hot-ductility
S. Patra, A. Ghosh, Vinod Kumar, D. Chakrabarti, L.K. Singhal. Materials Science and Engineering: A, Volume 660, 13 April 2016, pages 61-70.
ABSTRACT: The microstructural evolution during hot deformation of 2101 grade lean duplex stainless steel and its effect on hot-workability have been investigated by hot-compression testing using Gleeble® simulator over the range of deformation temperature of 800–1100 °C. Besides the dynamic recovery of δ-ferrite matrix and deformation of large austenite (γ) regions, fine γ-islands (<8 µm in size) were observed to form inside the δ-matrix. The density of those islands reached the highest value at deformation temperature of 900–1000 °C and increased significantly with the increase in applied true strain from 0.25 to 0.8. Such γ-islands are expected to form either by dynamic strain induced δ to γ transformation or by γ to δ strain-induced transformation followed by rapid precipitation of γ on heterogeneous nucleation sites (sub-grain boundaries, deformation bands etc.) present in the δ-matrix. The average size of the islands decreased with the decrease in deformation temperature. As the precipitated γ-islands follow Kurdjumov-Sachs orientation relationship with the δ-ferrite matrix, formation of such islands is detrimental to the hot-workability of the duplex stainless steel. Those islands not only restrict the plastic flow in δ-matrix but also provide favourable path for crack propagation through the δ.
Thermal and mechanical effect during rapid heating of astroloy for improving structural integrity
A.P.I. Popoolaa, K.M. Oluwasegun, O.E. Olorunniwo, P.O. Atanda, V.S. Aigbodion. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Volume 666, 5 May 2016, pages 482-492.
ABSTRACT: The behaviour of γ′ phase to thermal and mechanical effects during rapid heating of Astroloy(Turbine Disc alloy) a Powder metallurgy (PM) nickel base superalloy has been investigated. The thermo-mechanical affected zone (TMAZ) and heat affected zone (HAZ) microstructure of an inertia friction welded Astroloy were simulated using a Gleeble thermo-mechanical simulation system. Detailed microstructural examination of the simulated TMAZ and HAZ and those present in actual inertial friction welded specimens showed that γ′ particles persisted during rapid heating up to a temperature where the formation of liquid is thermodynamically favoured, and subsequently re-solidified eutectically. The result obtained showed that forging during the thermo-mechanical simulation significantly enhanced resistance to weld liquation cracking of the alloy. This is attributable to strain-induced rapid isothermal dissolution of the constitutional liquation products within 150 μm from the centre of the forged sample. This was not observed in purely thermally simulated samples. The microstructure within the TMAZ of the as-welded alloy is similar to the microstructure in the forged Gleeble specimens.
Characterization and methodology for calculating the mechanical properties of a TRIP-steel submitted to hot stamping and quenching and partitioning (Q&P)
E.A. Ariza, A.S. Nishikawa, H. Goldenstein, A.P. Tschiptschin. Materials Science and Engineering: A, Volume 671, 1 August 2016, pages 54-69.
ABSTRACT: Thermomechanical simulation of quenching, hot stamping, and quenching and partitioning processes of a high-strength TRIP-assisted steel were carried out in a Gleeble®3S50 thermo-mechanical simulator, coupled to the synchrotron X-ray diffraction line. The microstructures and mechanical properties were analyzed using Field Emission Gun Scanning Electron Microscopy (FEG-SEM), X-ray diffraction, and nanoindentation. The microstructures of thermomechanical treated specimens were modeled using the Object Oriented Finite Element (OOF) technique. The modeled microstructures were then fed into a finite element model to predict the mechanical behavior. By using a reverse algorithm method, the elasto-plastic mechanical properties of different microconstituents were determined. This was done through the analysis of instrumented nanoindentation loading-penetration curves. Tensile properties of the thermomechanical processed steels were measured by tensile testing of subsized specimens cut from samples processed on the Gleeble®3S50. The comparison between the experimental results and those of the reverse algorithm and the OOF modeled microstructure showed quite good agreement.
Connect with DSI on LinkedIn: Many professionals use LinkedIn to build their networks and develop collaborations. Please consider following DSI's company page and joining the LinkedIn Group titled: "Gleeble Thermal Mechanical Simulators". You can do this by using the links below.
You can "Follow" DSI by clicking here or by logging in to LinkedIn and searching for our company, but please note there are several companies named "Dynamic Systems". Please be sure to follow the company titled "Dynamic Systems Inc (Gleeble)"
Please join the group titled "Gleeble Thermal Mechanical Simulators". Here you can post messages, see what's new in the Gleeble community and connect with other users.
Kevin Abstoß, pictured to the right working in the chamber of the Gleeble 3800, says that the Gleeble “is a fundamental research tool in current projects and valuable for the application for future research projects.” The Gleeble recently helped the team in the development of a homogenization treatment to resolve complex segregations and guarantee a homogenous microstructure for a future power plant steel. The Gleeble at TUC is quite busy and is frequently used for dilatometry CCT and welding CCT diagrams, melting and solidification tests, heat treatment simulations, welding simulations, mechanical testing, crack susceptibility tests, and deformation tests.
